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Dog adrenal gland disease4/11/2023 ![]() ![]() Fluid therapy addresses most of these issues, but other directed therapies may be required in the most severe cases. ![]() ![]() Treatment of dogs with an acute presentation prioritizes correcting the hypovolemia, hyperkalemia, acidosis, and hypoglycemia. The veterinarian needs to have a clinical suspicion for HOAC to make a diagnosis in a timely manner. Much less commonly, dogs have signs of cortisol deficiency, but no electrolyte changes. ![]() The etiology may be immune-mediated destruction of the adrenal cortex, drug-induced adrenocortical necrosis (mitotane), enzyme inhibition (trilostane), or infiltrative processes such as neoplastic or fungal disease. In the most common form of this disease, animals have both mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid deficiency, resulting in hyponatremia and hyperkalemia, and signs of cortisol deficiency. Dogs with this disease can present in a variety of ways from acute hypovolemic collapse to vague, chronic, waxing, and waning clinical signs. 1College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA 2School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, AustraliaĪbstract: Hypoadrenocorticism (HOAC Addison’s disease) is an endocrine condition seen in small animal practice. ![]()
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